What to look out for during Bitcoin mining

Bitcoin mining is a complex and competitive process that involves various factors such as hardware, power, operation and maintenance, and compliance. Here are key things to note during the mining process to ensure efficient, secure, and compliant operations:

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### **1. Hardware and Device Management**
1. **Choose an efficient mining machine**
- Prioritize ASIC miners with high computing power and low energy consumption (e.g., Antminer S21, Whatsminer M50 series) and focus on the energy efficiency ratio (J/TH).
- Avoid using used or old mining machines (such as the S9 series is close to being obsolete), as the electricity bill may not be covered due to insufficient computing power.

2. **Heat Dissipation and Ventilation**
- The operating temperature of the mining machine should be controlled below **25°C**, as high temperatures will shorten the life of the equipment.
- Employ a forced air or water cooling system to clean up dust regularly (dust buildup can cause overheating).
- The mine is designed to ensure air circulation (e.g., negative pressure ventilation systems).

3. **Power Stability and Safety**
- Use an industrial-grade power supply (such as an HP power supply) to avoid voltage fluctuations that damage the miner.
- Check the circuit load to prevent overload fire (mining machine clusters require professional electrical wiring).

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### **2. Electricity Cost Optimization**
1. **Reduce the proportion of electricity bills**
- Electricity costs should be controlled within 30% of mining income, otherwise it will be difficult to make a profit.
- Look for low-cost electricity resources (e.g., hydropower, wind, abandoned power) or migrate to tariff depressions (e.g., parts of the Middle East and North America).

2. **Avoid Electricity Waste**
- Shut down inefficient miners and dynamically adjust the number of running equipment (according to Bitcoin price and difficulty).
- Utilize a time-of-use tariff strategy (operating at full speed during low price periods).

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### **3. Mining Software and Networks**
1. **Pool Selection**
- Join **high-reputation mining pools** (such as F2Pool, ViaBTC) to avoid the risk of small mining pools running away.
- Compare pool rates (usually 1~3%) and payout mechanisms (PPS+/FPPS is more stable).

2. **Network Stability**
- When using a wired network (WiFi is easy to disconnect), the latency (ping) must be less than **100ms**.
- Configure backup networks (such as 4G hotspots) to prevent loss of computing power due to network disconnection.

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### **4. O&M and Monitoring**
1. **Real-Time Monitoring**
- Use tools (e.g., Hive OS, Awesome Miner) to monitor the status of the miner (hashrate, temperature, power consumption).
- Set abnormal alarms (such as sudden drop in computing power or excessive temperature).

2. **Regular Maintenance**
- Clean the miner dust weekly and check whether the cooling fan is normal.
- Replace the grease regularly (e.g., mining machine has been running for more than 1 year).

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### **5. Security and Compliance**
1. **Physical Security**
- Mines need to be fire and theft proof